Desafios e estratégias em um mercado Oligopolista: análise do setor aéreo comercial brasileiro

Abstract

Brazil is a country of extensive dimensions, ensuring airplanes a prominent position as one of the most relevant means of transportation at the national level, leading to an interest in understanding the workings of its market. In light of this, a qualitative research study was conducted involving the analysis of secondary data, adopting an exploratory literature review perspective. In examining the Brazilian commercial aviation sector, it was found to be part of an oligopolistic market structure, given the disposition of the airlines currently operating in the industry. Based on this, the study aimed to examine the oligopoly market configuration and identify the main financial and commercial strategies in determining tariffs after deregulation in the sector. Taking into account various factors relevant to this discussion, the evolution of the Brazilian aviation sector is seen as intrinsically linked to the relationship between the State and the economic situation, which can directly influence the market and consequently the prices that reach consumers. Throughout history and the experienced phases, the milestone of deregulation brought a new conception to the sector, where significant changes can be observed in the structure's behavior, as well as in its regulation, following the establishment of ANAC (National Civil Aviation Agency). Reflecting on these aspects, one can also observe the main policies developed by airlines, which include low-cost strategies and investments in loyalty programs, utilizing the mechanism of frequent flyer miles.