Teoria de Médio Alcance para o diagnóstico de enfermagem estilo de vida sedentário em adolescentes e adultos jovens

Abstract

Sedentary lifestyle has an increasing curve between adolescents and young adults. In this context, it is essential that the nurse knows in depth this nursing diagnosis. The objective of this study is to build a medium-range theory for the nursing diagnosis Sedentary Lifestyle in adolescents and young adults. This is a methodological study, according to specific theoretical frameworks for the development of medium-range theory. The study was made operational through an integrative literature review in the databases: National Library of Medicine and National Institutes of Health; Scopus; Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature and Web of Science. The crossing of the following descriptors Sedentary Behavior; Sedentary Lifestyle; Young Adult; and Adolescent allowed 2974 articles to be obtained. After applying the eligibility criteria, the final sample resulted in 57 articles. The results show the identification of 3 essential attributes; 10 clinical antecedents and 8 clinical consequents. The essential attributes were cultural and personal aspects, physical inactivity and physical activity lower than recommended. The clinical antecedents were advanced age; deficient knowledge; unemployment; insufficient personal and environmental stimulation for physical activity; feminine gender; physical inactivity; physical activity lower than recommended; live in an urban area; excessive screen time on internet and / or television; and, prolonged sitting time. And the clinical consequents were cardiovascular alteration; excess adiposity; lack of physical conditioning; impaired cognitive function; backache; impaired memory; impaired mental health; and, inadequate sleep time. Then the medium range theory of that diagnosis was developed and presented by means of a pictogram. The development of a mid-range theory for the nursing diagnosis Sedentary lifestyle, provided an in-depth study of the causes and consequences of this health problem that affects a large part of the general population. It is concluded that the understanding of nursing diagnosis sedentary lifestyle based on a mediumrange theory is timely and generates tools that can promote health and quality of life in this specific population.