Índices de gravidade da doença utilizados na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva: revisão de escopo

Abstract

Introduction: In the ICU, general severity of illness scores are widely used to assess outcomes, define disease severity and extent of organ dysfunction, as well as to assess resource utilization. Methodology: This is a scoping review of the main scoring systems used in the ICU. The final sample of this study consisted of 95 articles, published between 1986 and 2021. Most were from 2011, followed by 2015. Result: In the evaluation of the articles, 12 severity indices that are commonly used in the intensive care unit to predict mortality and severity of hospitalized patients were identified, namely: Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE), Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS), Mortality Probability Model (MPM), Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA), Multiple Organ Dysfunction Score (MODS) and Logistic Organ Dysfunction Score (LODS). Conclusion: The application of severity indices in the Intensive Care Unit is essential for predicting outcomes, accurately assessing patients' clinical status, and making therapeutic decisions. However, it is important to recognize the limitations of these indices, such as variation in accuracy in different populations and the dependence on precise clinical data for reliable calculations.