Relação entre a mobilidade orofacial e a gravidade dos resíduos faríngeos na disfagia orofaríngea em indivíduos com Doença de Parkinson

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the relationship between tongue and lip mobility and the severity of pharyngeal residue after swallowing, using the Yale Pharyngeal Residue Severity Rating Scale (YPRSRS), in dysphagic individuals with Parkinson's disease. Method: This is a cross-sectional and retrospective study, based on data collection from medical records. Data were collected from 42 dysphagic individuals with Parkinson's disease, regarding the speech-language pathology evaluation of tongue and lip mobility, oral status, spontaneous cough and the pharyngeal signs of the flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing, in four food consistencies classified according to the International Dysphagia Diet Standardization Initiative (IDDSI). For the analysis of pharyngeal residues after swallowing, the Yale Pharyngeal Residue Severity Rating Scale (YPRSRS) was used. For data analysis, the Simple Linear Regression model was applied and a significance level of 5% was considered. Results: There was a significant relationship between reduced tongue and lip mobility and the severity of pharyngeal residues (p = 0.002). The coefficient of determination indicated that reduced tongue and lip mobility was responsible for 21% and 20%, respectively, of the severity of pharyngeal residues in the sample. Furthermore, there was no difference in pharyngeal signs of dysphagia when comparing individuals with reduced orofacial mobility and those with adequate mobility. Conclusion: The regression model indicated that there was a significant relationship between reduced tongue and lip mobility and the severity of pharyngeal residue occurrences after swallowing in the sample.