Estudos taxonômicos de chlorophyllum e macrolepiota (agaricaceae, basidiomycota) do Nordeste brasileiro

Abstract

The Agaricaceae family was characterized by having fungi of tricholomatoid or colibioid basidiomes, but mainly pluteoides, with 25 genera distributed in the tribes Leucocoprinae, Agariceae, Lepiotae and Cystodermatae, with a wide continental distribution. However, the concept of the family has changed, including also species of secotioid and gasteroid basidiomata divided into 10 clades, including those comprising the genera Chlorophyllum and Macrolepiota. Chlorophyllum accommodates a species considered poisonous (Chlorophyllum molybdites), while Macrolepiota contains some species appreciated in gastronomy. Studies involving Chlorophyllum and Macrolepiota, despite contributing to a better understanding of species richness, are concentrated in regions such as Australia, Asia, Central and North America, but still little explored in others, such as Brazil. Therefore, the present study aimed to increase the species richness of Chlorophyllum and Macrolepiota in the Northeast region of Brazil. For that, morphological studies were carried out from specimens previously collected and deposited in the herbarium Lauro Pires Xavier – JPB (João Pessoa, Paraíba). In addition, microchemical tests were performed using Melzer's reagent and Cresyl blue in the spores, combined with molecular analyzes that used the complete internal transcribed spacers ITS1 and ITS2 and 5.8S rDNA (nuc-ITSrDNA) and the 28S gene rDNA. As a result, two new species are being described (Chlorophyllum prov. nam. and Macrolepiota prov. nam.) for the region. Additionally, a new record for Paraíba of Chlorophyllum molybdites, with identification based on morphological and molecular analysis, is presented, expanding the species richness in Northeast Brazil.