Estudo da influência do voo com o foguete VSB-30 no transcriptoma de plantas de Saccharum spp. (cana-de-açúcar)

Abstract

With the submission of sugarcane plants in a flight with the VSB-30 rocket, histological and biochemical changes were observed in your different organs. Therefore, we aimed to compare their transcriptome profiles to identify in tissue samples from leaves and roots possible responses to the flight condition with the VSB-30 rocket. For this, initially, 118 Differentially Expressed Transcripts were detected with values of Log2FoldChange ≥2 or ≤-2 which were obtained by executing the DESeq package, using the blind method. Through these comparisons that were performed between the samples belonging to the groups Test flight with the VSB-30 rocket and Controls, it was verified that the highest sensitivities occurred in samples of roots tissues, which allowed to select 77 specific transcripts. In addition, the submission of the whole set of transcripts the tool STRING v.10. returned networks of orthologous proteins from the organism Sorghum bicolor. However, the analyzes of systems biology that were performed in the Cytoscape v.3.4 program, allowed to identify for the roots samples changes in Genetics information Processing, with induction, mainly, in biological processes of translation. In addition, the sample of Vertical Rocket Root showed the highest sensitivity to the microgravity and hypergravity conditions, which can be interpreted by biological systems as a condition of abiotic stress, which results in induction of the biological processes that involve the proteasome and repression for ribosome maturation. This, possibly, result in progression of the cell cycle and provides maintenance of nitrogen levels in the cell. In contrast, at tissue samples from leaves appeared as possible responses the induction of the transcription. Furthermore, on the sample Vertical Rocket Leaf, induction was detected on the metabolic pathway of glycine degradation and decarboxylation. With all that, all these results indicate the main responses to the flight with the VSB-30 rocket, which reaches microgravity and hypergravity environments, which in plants are interpreted as a condition of environmental stress.