Estudo em ambulatório de doenças respiratórias: características clínicas e técnica de uso de dispositivos inalatórios

Abstract

Objective: To describe the sociodemographic, clinical and pharmacological adherence context, as well as the main errors of technique in the use of inhalation devices in patients with asthma treated in a specialized outpatient clinic. Methods: Cross-sectional cut of a descriptive study composed of 213 patients with respiratory diseases. The collection included sociodemographic and clinical data, as well as information about the technique in the management of the ID and data related to the main diagnosis. Results: It was observed that 44.3% of the participants attended up to elementary level, more than 90% have an income of up to 1 minimum wage, 44.1% reported being former smokers and 11.1% missed scheduled appointments in a period of 2 years. Regarding the clinical characteristics and profile of prescribed drugs, 14.1% present an uncontrolled picture and 63.4% partially controlled. In the prevalence of the types of ID used, there is the Aerolizer (64.8%), followed by the Aerosol (42.2%) and Respimat (16.4%). Regarding the concomitant use of PPIs and/or antiemetics, there are 41.3% and 22.1% of patients, respectively. Additionally, 65.8% do not adhere to drug therapy. The main execution error committed in the use of ID was the absence of post-inspiratory pause in devices with propellant (43.4%) and without propulsion (38.5%). Conclusion: The incorrect use of inhalation devices, presence of manifestations related to GERD and low adherence to treatment were verified. An effective multidisciplinary strategy is necessary in promoting educational measures in favor of the correct use of IDs by patients, in order to control and circumvent the situation in view of the progress of these comorbidities, as well as to guarantee significant improvement in quality of life.