Nanopartículas lipídicas sólidas de 1,3-diestearil-2-oleil-glicerol funcionalizadas com carga positiva para liberação modificada de proteínas

Abstract

Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLN) are applied colloidal systems as carriers of drugs and biomolecules acting to increase stability and the ability to cross biological barriers. The delivery of proteins as a therapeutic constituent in formulations is a major challenge for the pharmaceutical industry in view of the physico-chemical limitations of these components. In the present study, the triglyceride 1,3-distearyl-2-oleyl-glycerol (TG1) was chosen as the lipid matrix to obtain the SLN by emulsification technique with solvent evaporation due to its potential healing effect. Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) was chosen as a model protein because of its similarity to Human Serum Albumin (HSA) and extensive experimental use. For this, the SLN were functionalized with the positive charge using the Hyperamed Polyethyleneimine (PEI). SLN were monitored for their size, polydispersity and zeta potential. The cationic SLN were stable, with sizes below 300 nm and polydispersion in the 0.2 range. The interactions of the protein on the surface of the particles were accessed by Gel Electrophoresis and Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR). The studies of Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) pointed to the spherical shape of the particles. The BSA protein was successfully incorporated into the cationic NLS (approximately 98%), which had a protracted release profile. Cell viability assays have shown that SLN decreased PEI toxicity and BSA loaded cationic SLN further reduced this toxic profile.