Robert Hooke, o microscópio e a célula: a história da ciência no PNLD 2021

Abstract

This master's thesis focuses on teacher training and discussions on the historical episode involving the English researcher Robert Hooke (1635-1703), microscopy and the "discovery" of the cell. It proposes an educational product aimed at training teachers working in the subjects of Science and Biology in Basic Education, and graduates of courses that provide qualifications for teaching in these subjects. This is a set of self-instructional resources, prepared by the author, composed of: 1) A video biography of Robert Hooke – personal trajectory, academic training, work at the Royal Society, aspects of his main research and achievements, as well as his relationships with researchers of the time; 2) A video lesson that discusses, based on the text Micrographia (1665), by Robert Hooke, the observations of cork carried out by him under the microscope, his motivations in carrying out these investigations, related to the study of the physical properties of this material. It explains why contemporary historiography does not agree that the discovery of the cell is attributed to Hooke, contrary to what is usually noted in textbooks and scientific dissemination; 3) A sequence of video classes, in which the collections approved in the National Textbook Program 2021 are discussed one by one, considering the themes of cells, microscopy and Robert Hooke. The video classes demonstrate that, in most collections, with rare exceptions, there is a significant absence of an adequate History of Science, from a historiographical point of view and from the current educational legislation. The Educational Product was applied in teacher training, in an extension course in an asynchronous remote format. Throughout the application, research instruments were used with the aim of evaluating whether, and to what extent, the use of this Educational Product with the intended target audience can contribute to a historically contextualized view of Hooke and his works, as well as a critical perception of the content related to this theme in current textbooks.