Caracterização sociodemográfica, clínica e complicações de pacientes submetidos ao cateterismo cardíaco: scoping review

Abstract

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases have reached important numbers in terms of morbidity and mortality. It stands out from international transactions with Acute Myocardial Infarction. Cardiac catheterization is the diagnostic test of choice, as it is positioned as the reference standard for minimally invasive surgeries at the heart and coronary level. In this context, knowing the clinical characteristics with predictive factors for complications resulting from cardiac catheterization can help the health team to plan preoperative care and especially after cardiac catheterization. Objective: to map knowledge about the sociodemographic, clinical characteristics and complications of patients following cardiac catheterization procedures. Methodology: the study is designed as a scoping review. Structured according to the 2020 Joanna Briggs Institute Review Manual. 4 data sources were used: LILACS, MEDLINE, Elsevier’s Scopus and SciELO. Results: 18 articles were selected to compose this review. The studies revealed that the majority of patients undergoing cardiac catheterization were men aged 60 years and over, with high blood pressure, diabetes, dyslipidemia and smoking. The most common complications were bleeding, hematoma, arterial vasospasm, arterial venous fistula and pseudoaneurysm. Conclusion: The studies elucidated knowledge about sociodemographic, clinical characteristics and complications of patients post-cardiac catheterization procedure. This study makes knowledge on this topic visible in order to provide current scientific data on a common and routine practice that is diagnostic and therapeutic exams for patients with AMI, given the current scenario of practice, enabling greater support and improvement in the care provided. Carrying out this review contributes significantly to the scientific growth of the area of interventional, intensive care and hemodynamic cardiology