Impactos de vizinhança causados pelo desmonte de rochas com explosivos em Taipu (RN)

Abstract

Economic and population growth causes the demand for mineral resources to increase and with it the number of quarries and mining companies. The effects of increased mineral exploration have been noticed more intensely by the population, especially at the stage when explosives are used to dismantle the rocks. The use of explosives causes inevitable environmental impacts, such as: overthrowing of fragments, emission of particulate matter into the atmosphere, alteration of the landscape, scaring away fauna, noise, and vibrations. In this work, we will focus on the last two impacts, which have a direct effect on the comfort of the surrounding population. The general objective of the work was to verify if, close to the Taipu community, the vibrations generated from the rock blasting in the CAMPEL Quarry comply with the ABNT NBR 9653/2018 standard. Exploratory research was carried out in the field and data were collected through seismographic tests with the Nomis 5400 equipment, which has a geophone. The data generated by the seismograph demonstrated: (i) the peak velocities of the particles in the three orthogonal directions and (ii) demonstrating the maximum peak frequency in the same three directions. The information produced by the seismograph was compared with the parameters and limits imposed by the Brazilian Regulatory Standard (NBR) 9653/2018. NBR 9653/2018 specifies the methodology to reduce the risks inherent in rock blasting with the use of explosives in the mining and construction industry in general, establishing criteria for the safety of neighboring populations. It was concluded that the impact of vibration and noise are in accordance with NBR 9653/2018. In this way, the occurrence of negative impacts on homes, schools, on any other structure in its surroundings or on human health are minimized.