Avaliação do efeito da suplementação com coenzima-Q10 sobre a resistência insulínica em mulheres obesas portadoras da Síndrome dos Ovários Policísticos

Abstract

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrinopathy of multifactorial cause, undefined origin and affecting a considerable portion of the female population of reproductive age. Due to its characteristic metabolic profile, it can present dyslipidemia, obesity, metabolic syndrome (MS) and insulin resistance (IR), these factors can contribute to the development of oxidative stress (OES). This OES generated by excess reactive oxygen species favors the development of complications such as atherosclerosis, inflammatory and cardiac diseases, among others. Considering this fact, coenzyme Q10 is a benzoquinone that plays an important role in the elimination of free radicals and inhibition of lipid and protein oxidation. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of coenzyme Q10 supplementation on insulin resistance in obese women with PCOS. The study population was composed of 60 obese women aged 20 to 40 years with and without the diagnosis of PCOS. For comparative analysis, the patients were divided into two groups: Case (obese with PCOS - n = 30); Control (obese without SOP - n = 30), and submitted to supplementation with coenzyme Q10 100mg/day orally for 8 weeks. Obesity was characterized by body mass index (BMI), the cut point being ≥ 30.0 kg/m². In follow-up, women were evaluated regarding clinical, biochemical and hormonal parameters. Statistical analysis of the data was performed with the statistical package SPSS©22. As for the comparative analysis between the SOP group before and after the intervention, it showed significant differences in relation to the mass (91.1 vs. 89.9 kg p=0.008), glucose 120 minutes (138 vs. 122.5 mg/dL p=0.004), insulin (16.2 vs. 10.7 µUI/mL p=0.000), HOMA-IR (3.67 vs. 2.31 p=0.000) and QUICKI (0.31 vs. 0.30 p=0.000). In addition, significant changes were observed in the hormone profile, such as follicle stimulating hormone (5.4 vs. 6.0 IU/mL p=0.004), luteinizing hormone (6.3 vs. 4.5 IU/mL p=0.000), testosterone (32.1 vs. 22.0 ng/dL p=0.000) and progesterone (0.20 vs. 0.35 ng/dL p=0.000). In relation to the control group (post suplementation), it was possible to observe significant results in relation to biochemical and hormonal parameters. Thus, intervention with coenzyme Q10 may promote beneficial effects in relation to the main metabolic and hormonal changes that are present in PCOS and obesity.