Avaliação do status de zinco considerando diferentes combinações de componentes na síndrome metabólica

Abstract

The cardiometabolic factors characteristic of the metabolic syndrome (MS) present influence on the metabolism of zinc, jointly or separately. Therefore the status of zinc may vary depending on the combination of components, partially explaining the divergences on the status of zinc in these individuals. The present study aimed to compare zinc intake and mineral concentrations in the plasma of individuals with MS considering the number of components used for the diagnosis of MS. The cross-sectional study included 88 adults and elderly individuals with MS, of both sexes, diagnosed according to NCEP-ATP III. The groups were defined considering the junction of three (n = 36), four (n = 40) and five components of SM (n = 12). The diet zinc was evaluated by 24-hour recalls and the data were analyzed by Virtual Nutri Plus 2.0® software. Measurements of blood pressure, waist circumference, fasting glycemia, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides and plasma zinc. The zinc dosage was carried out through the Atomic Absorption Spectrocopy, considering 70-110 mg/dL as the reference. Descriptive analyses were conducted and comparisons between the three groups was given through the ANOVA test, followed by the Tukey test. The average age of patients was 50 (11) years, with female predominance (72%). It was noted in the group presenting 3 components, 10 different combinations of phenotypes, with prominence for arterial hypertension or high blood pressure, type 2 diabetes mellitus or high fasting blood glucose and increased waist perimeter (11.4%). In the group with 4 components, there was a predominance of the same phenotype with the addition of the low HDL-c (18.2%). The percentage of inadequacy in the zinc consumption was of 75%, 73,6% and 66,6% in groups with 3, 4 and 5, respectively. There were no significant differences in the zinc values in the plasma between groups with 3, 4 and 5 components, presenting averages of 92,62 (18,26) mg/dL; 86,24 (17,88) mg/dL; 86,94 (17,12) mg/dL, respectively (p>0,05). However, zinc concentrations were observed in the plasma <70 mg/dL In 11,1% of individuals in the group with 3 components, compared to 15,8% in the group with 4 components and 16,7% in individuals belonging to the group with 5 components. It concludes that individuals with MS present low zinc intake of diet and zinc concentrations in the plasma within normality, regardless of the number of components.