Fixação interna rígida bioabsorvível na osteossíntese mandibular de pacientes pediátricos: revisão integrativa de literatura

Abstract

Facial fractures are rare surgical implications in children due to the flexibility of the bones. However, despite being infrequent in the craniofacial complex, there is a significant prevalence of cases in mandibular sites. Traditionally, metallic fixation systems are used in jaw osteosynthesis. However, the use of these systems in pediatrics has been questioned, mainly due to disadvantages such as restriction of mandibular growth, the risk of infections and the possible need for a second surgery to remove the material. This study is an integrative literature review, which aims to evaluate the use of bioabsorbable plates. The present study carried out a bibliographical survey in the PubMed, BVS, Scielo and Cochrane databases, selecting articles published between 2014 and 2024 in the English language, using the terms “Pediatrics”, “Internal fixation of fractures” and “Mandibular fractures” . The introduction of bioabsorbable fixation systems brings several advantages for the treatment of mandibular fractures in pediatric patients, mainly due to the properties that allow the material to be reabsorbed as bone healing progresses. It was observed that the use of bioabsorbable fixations, although more expensive, is a promising alternative, as it offers significant advantages by not interfering with mandibular growth, while the rate of postoperative complications is similar to metallic fixation. This finding reinforces the need for more research to expand the scientific evidence base that supports the use of this technology.