Estudo do transcriptoma de plantas cana-de-açúcar submetidas às condições de microgravidade e hipergravidade por meio do voo realizado com o foguete vsb-30

Abstract

Sugarcane is a plant from Poaceae family, which can be used as a source of energy. Therefore, is cultivated in many tropical and subtropical regions and presents an area of cultivation that was estimated at 40.9 million hectares, where several environmental factors influence its development, depending on the intensity configure a stress. In this context, a variation in the order of magnitude of gravity also configures plant stress. Then, the present work evaluated changes in the transcriptome of sugarcane submitted to microgravity and hypergravity using the souding roclket VSB-30. The analyzes performed for leaf and root samples allowed the detection of Differentially Expressed Transcripts (Log2FoldChange ≥2 or ≤-2), through of the execution of the DESeq package. These data, when submitted to the STRING v.10.5 database, also allowed to obtain networks of orthologous proteins of Sorghum bicolor. Furthermore, for the samples that were in vertical position, it was verified that in the root tissue there were possible alterations in the biological processes of telomeres maintenance, due to repression at transcript levels RIBONUCLEOPROTEIN COMPLEX SUBUNIT 3-LIKE PROTEIN. And in leaf tissue samples a probable induction of STACHYOSE SYNTHASE was observed, which is involved in the metabolism of oligosaccharides from the raffinose family, and responses to the stress condition. On the other hand, for the samples that were kept at horizontally position, it was detected for the root tissue a repression at transcript levels EXOSOME COMPLEX COMPONENT RRP41 HOMOLOG and CYCLOARTENOL SYNTHASE, which presents biological processes related to the metabolism of cycloartanol which is a precursor of phytosterol. While in the sheet tissue sample, observed induction of the transcriptional profile RPL32, which in plants can affect the processing of genetic information, which implies changes in the biological process of translation. Thus, these data allow us to conclude that the conditions of microgravity and hypergravity, promoted changes in the sugarcane transcriptome in a tissue-specific manner, which modifies in root tissue biological processes related to lipid biosynthesis, replication and degradation of mRNA and leaf tissue to carbohydrate biosynthesis and translation that can compromise cell division. This work, also pointed out a relevance to the spatial disposition of the organism in the experiment. Given that the analyzes performed demonstrated specific responses for the samples arranged in vertical and horizontal position.