COVID-19 e o seu impacto no aspecto psicossocial, sono, disfunção temporomandibular e bruxismo em graduandos de medicina e residentes da saúde da EMCM/UFRN

Abstract

Introduction: University students and health professionals are exposed to specific stressors during the COVID-19 pandemic, capable of affecting sleep quality (SQ) and mental health, factors often related to temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and bruxism. Objective: to evaluate the consequences of COVID-19 on the psychosocial status, QS, signs/symptoms of TMD, sleep bruxism (SB) and wakefulness bruxism (BV), in health residents and undergraduate medical students from the Brazilian Seridó Potiguar. Methodology: Participants answered the electronic form containing the Portuguese version of the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and Oral Behavior Checklist (OBC) . The free statistical software R, version 4.2.0 was used. In comparing the instruments evaluated with the sociodemographic profile, the Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, Friedman and Chi-square statistical tests were applied (p<0.05). Results: Moderate to severe symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress were present in 27.38% (n=23), 19.04% (n=16) and 51.19% (n=43), respectively. 84.53% (n=71) of participants had poor QS or sleep disorders, 20.24% (n=17) had TMD symptoms, 60.71% (n=51) possible SB and 38.10% (n=32) possible BV. Depression was more prevalent in females (p=0.032). Financial concern was related to stress (p=0.005), anxiety (p=0.002), depression (p=0.008), BV (p=0.038) and TMD (p<0.001). Concern about the pandemic was associated with stress (p=0.022) and BV (p=0.009). BS and QS were not associated with the sociodemographic profile. There was no statistical difference between the groups for the variables analyzed. Conclusion: The pandemic had a negative impact on the health of undergraduates and residents evaluated. There was a high prevalence of stress, SB and poor SQ, as well as high financial and pandemic concerns. In view of the long-term damage to health, further research on the topic is essential.