Associação entre hipertensão arterial sistêmica e indicadores antropométricos em idosos do estudo brazuca

Abstract

Population aging is a global phenomenon that generates challenges for public health, this stage of life predisposes the emergence of non-communicable diseases such as hypertension, which has been one of the main causes of morbidity, mortality and functional disability among the elderly, as it causes complications. cardiovascular and brain disorders, which may be associated with several predisposing factors such as obesity. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the association between systemic arterial hypertension and anthropometric indicators in the elderly in the Brazuca Natal study. This is a cross-sectional population-based study carried out with 191 elderly residents of the city of Natal-RN, where sociodemographic, economic, anthropometric data (weight, height, waist circumference and hip circumference) were collected, self-reported systemic arterial hypertension. From this, the Body Mass Index (BMI), the Waist-to-Height Ratio (WHtR) and the Waist-Hip Ratio (WHR) were calculated. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Science Statistics (SPSS) version 20.0 software. Descriptive analyzes were performed using simple relative frequencies, absolute frequencies and confidence intervals. In addition, Student's t test was used to assess the differences between the means of anthropometric and demographic variables according to gender and presence of SAH. The analysis of association between SAH and social and anthropometric variables was performed using Poisson regression, with robust variance estimation, to obtain crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) and their confidence intervals (95%). We observed that the majority of the elderly were female (55%), with a mean age of 69.48 years (SD=7.38) and BMI of 28.46 (SD=5.25), 59.4% with overweight and 60.1% SAH. When comparing the sexes, we recorded higher means of BMI, HW and WHtR for women (p<0.05). In addition, we observed higher means of age, BMI, WC, HW, WHR and WHtR among elderly people with hypertension (p<0.05). We found in the multiple analysis that the prevalence of SAH was associated with education of up to 9 years of schooling, non-white race and high-risk waist circumference. We conclude that PC can be efficient for the early detection of SAH in the elderly.