Prevalência de distúrbios mastigatórios em idosos institucionalizados: uma revisão sistemática e meta-analise

Abstract

To synthesize and critically review the prevalence of masticatory disorders in institutionalized older adults, a systematic review was conducted. The search was conducted using six electronic databases in addition to a gray literature search. A qualitative and quantitative analysis, including risk of bias, was performed for studies that met the inclusion criteria. A meta-analysis of proportions with a random effects model was performed, and heterogeneity according to the moderator variable was explored using metaregression. The risk of bias was measured using the Joanna Briggs Institute's critical appraisal checklist. The certainty of the evidence was assessed using the GRADE tool. A total of 12 articles were included for the meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence estimate was 35% (CI95% = 0.19 - 0.54; I2= 100%). Because heterogeneity still persisted even with sensitivity analysis, the predictors mean sample age and sample size, were meta-regressed to assess whether these covariates explained the variance between effect sizes. The study sample size covariate included in the analysis explained 84.28% of the heterogeneity in the analysis (R2 = 84.28%; p = 0.0008). The risk of bias was considered low for three studies, eight were rated at moderate risk of bias, and one was rated at high risk of bias. For the prevalence of masticatory disorders, the GRADE criteria were considered very low. The overall combined prevalence of masticatory disorders in institutionalized elderly was approximately 35%. The prevalence was affected by the sample size and when considering only the studies with statistical power the prevalence was 23%.