Análise do impacto do uso de veículos elétricos no setor de transporte de cargas: estudo de caso em uma distribuidora de bebidas

Abstract

Logistics stands out as a sector that drives the economy but also generates costs for companies. Thus, transporting cargo efficiently and affordably is crucial to help the country's economy grow, become more competitive, and cut logistics costs for businesses. In this context, electric trucks emerge as an innovative option due to their higher energy efficiency, lower noise pollution in traffic, less environmental pollution, and lower fueling and maintenance costs compared to conventional trucks. Therefore, this Final Year Project analyzes how electric trucks affect logistics in cargo transportation, based on a case study in a beverage distribution company, and the impact generated on the company's energy bill. The study aims to develop analyses that assist companies in deciding whether to switch from diesel to electric trucks. Thus, this work seeks to understand the planned routes for trucks in different modalities present in the fleet, based on the average distance traveled, truck capacity, stopping points, and delivery time, to analyze fueling costs, the cost of reducing pollution by replacing diesel with electricity, and the costs of recharging trucks. The study uses data from a multinational company through the Distribution Center located in the city of Natal, in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. The analysis shows that switching the fleet can be beneficial for companies, as it saves money and reduces pollution.