Marina: proposta arquitetônica de um centro de cuidados paliativos à luz dos princípios da humanização na saúde

Abstract

The demographic and epidemiological transitions that Brazil has experienced in recent years have resulted in an increased demand for palliative care. In 2024, Ordinance GM/MS No. 3,681 established the National Palliative Care Policy within the SUS, defining palliative care as actions aimed at the treatment and prevention of pain and suffering relief for individuals facing health conditions that threaten or limit the continuity of life, as well as for their families and healthcare professionals. These actions should be provided at different levels of the Health Care Network (RAS). To ensure the service is offered satisfactorily, principles of humanization in healthcare must be followed, such as hospital ambience, which refers to the treatment of physical, social, professional and interpersonal space, ensuring that it provides welcoming, humane, and resolutive care by utilizing elements that act as catalysts for the interaction between people and space. In this context, the main objective of this work is to develop an architectural project for a Palliative Care Center for the city of Natal/RN, applying the guidelines of humanization in healthcare. The specific objectives include: understanding the guiding principles for developing a specialized palliative care establishment project, as well as identifying user needs related to space and environment; identifying humanization principles in healthcare that positively influence the quality of hospital environments; and establishing a connection between humanization principles and palliative care guidelines for application in the project. The methodological procedures used in this work included literature reviews, summaries, and reference studies, aimed at laying the groundwork for the project development. As for the design process and architectural party definition, Neves (1989) was adopted, through preliminary stages of information collection and analysis, followed by the adoption of the architectural party. Thus, the result was an exploratory design proposal, based on the recent standard and integrating aspects that aim to meet the specific needs of the region, based on a certain understanding of the topic and Specialized Health Services. The Marina, Palliative Care Center, has 1,809.22 m² and offers outpatient and inpatient care, with humanized design solutions, climate-appropriate, utilizing natural ventilation and lighting, cost-effective and maintenance-friendly, and formally and aesthetically aligned with the institution’s message and function. The work contributes by clarifying the importance of palliative care as a vital service within the RAS, elucidating strategies for humanization in healthcare that reduce stress and improve user well-being, as well as providing a reference basis for developing specialized palliative care facilities and more humanized hospital architecture.