Associação de polimorfismos do gene IRF6 em pacientes com fendas orais não sindrômica

Abstract

Orofacial clefts are a public health problem accounting for approximately 15% of all malformations, characterized by the incomplete formation of structures that separate the nasal cavity and oral cavity with genetic and environmental factors that contribute to its etiology. Currently, microarray studies using fissured patients have identified several regions of susceptibility to the development of non-syndromic orofacial clefts among which some studies have demonstrated the region of the Interferon Regulatory Factor 6 (IRF6) gene associated with increased risk for non-syndromic orofacial clefts development. The aim of the present study is to investigate polymorphisms of the IRF6 gene and the possible correlations with the development of non-syndromic orofacial clefts. For this, a total of 368 individuals (186 FL / P patients and 182 controls) were selected in the Service of the Fissured Patient - HUOL / UFRN. Blood samples were collected for DNA extraction and analysis of the polymorphisms of the IRF6 gene (rs2235371, rs642961, rs2236907, rs861019, and rs1044516) by real-time PCR. Patients were classified into the CLP, CL and CP groups and a significant association of rs2235371 (OR: 11.24, 95% CI: 1.97-64.22, p = 0.016) was observed in the group with isolated palate clefts (CP). In addition, the analysis of the allelic combination showed an increased risk orofacial clefts associated with the polymorphisms rs1044516 and rs2236907, since they were present in all significant combinations. Thus, the association of rs2235371 with patients in the CP group is shown as a risk factor for CP in our population. The analysis of allelic combinations show the influence of combined IRF6 polymorphisms mainly (rs1044516 and rs2236907) suggest that each polymorphism may contribute minimally to increase the risk of developing non-syndromic orofacial clefts in a Brazilian population of Rio Grande do Norte.