Análise da carga de treinamento e sono: efeitos no cortisol salivar, salto vertical e recuperação durante uma semana de treinamento na pré-temporada no atletismo

Abstract

Introduction: Several studies have evaluated the effect of training loads on psychophysiological parameters, including sleep, since insufficient sleep duration can result in impaired athletes' performance. Objective: To investigate the effect of the training load on sleep time during a pre-season training week and its influence on salivary cortisol, vertical jump and recovery in athletics youth. Methods: 20 athletes (16 men and 4 women, age: 18.2 ± 2.1 years, height: 173.61 ± 21 cm and weight: 63.36 ± 9.96 kg) of jumping, combined and bottom events were evaluated in the first week of the pre-season. The external training load (CET) was measured using the playerLoad method, while the internal training load (CIT) was measured using the Session Effective Subjective Perception (session PSE) method. Sleep variables were quantified by actigraphy and sleep diary. The analysis of a mixed linear model was performed to calculate the effect of time on the parameters of sleep, cortisol, vertical jump and recovery. Results: There was an effect of time (training days) on CET (t (73.57) = -2.36 p = 0.02) with an estimate of -0.11 (PL / min), on CIT (t (68 , 36) = 2.27 p = 0.03) with an estimate of 54.12 AU, in the night sleep time (t (80) = - 2.81 p = 0.01) with an estimate of -18.05 min , in salivary cortisol (t (80) = - 2.11 p = 0.03) with an estimate of -0.24mmol and in recovery with (t (80) = 2.30 p = 0.02) with an estimate of 0 , 36 AU. There was no effect of external (p = 0.39) internal load (p = 0.72) on nighttime sleep time. There was no effect of night sleep time on salivary cortisol (p = 0.52) and recovery (p = 0.36). The athletes who napped presented a better state of recovery 5.9 (± 2.1) compared to those who did not nap 3.8 (± 2.0) (t (78) = 4.42 p = 0.00) . Conclusion: Training loads did not affect sleep time in young athletes, however, napping has been shown to increase the perception of recovery between training sessions held within a training unit.