Audiência de conciliação: organização interacional e reformulação parafrástica

Abstract

This doctoral research focuses on aspects of interactional organization and textualized paraphrastic reformulations by speakers who alternate themselves in discursive coproduction in the context of conciliation court hearings. In legal settings, conciliation court hearings can be defined as oral events, carried out when the concerned parties take part in negotiations towards dispute resolution. In this way, our main objective consists of understanding how participants of an oral event construct textual or discursively such interactions when established in a context guided by specific directives. Thus, our specific objectives were set to identify, describe, analyze and interpret: i) the interactional organization of conciliation court hearings by means of turn dimensioning and factual sequencing; ii) paraphrastic reformulations; iii) formal aspects in the distribution and implementation of the paraphrase in the unraveling of speaker performance in textual reformulations; iv) semantic-functional aspects in the paraphrastic action by means of movements established in the matricial (M) and paraphrased (P) utterance(s). Consequently, and to a greater extent based on assumptions from Conversation Analysis and Text Linguistics, we sought to establish an understanding surrounding interactions in such hearings, considering them as activities in which it is possible to catch a glimpse of the diversity of (textual and discursive) choices made by the participants in the coproduction of meaning. In addition, we made a number of references to the guidelines included in legal documents (among which the Civil Procedure Code, the Resolution N. 125/2010 from the National Justice Council, and others) in order to make considerations concerning conciliation court hearings. In this context, and in terms of methodology, we have followed the principles of a qualitative and inductive approach in the course of our investigation, with the Corpus being composed of four conciliation court hearings that occurred, more specifically, in the civil court of a judicial district of a city in the state of Rio Grande do Norte pertaining to alimony lawsuits. Following the propositions of Conversation Analysis, we recorded the hearings and transcribed their constitutive speeches, using for that purpose certain observations proposed by Marcuschi ([1986] 2003) and the normative system adopted by the Projeto de Norma Culta Urbana (NURC/SP) published in 14 volumes and mostly organized by Preti. The ensuing analyses highlight how the interactions among participants have occurred in such a way that it was possible to observe a pattern of turn management by the conciliator, who, in many occasions, made use of questions to organize the participation of the speakers during the hearings. Data shows that the hearings are held in a setting of higher formality, presenting a generally structured organization while not always following factual sequences of openings or closures. The analyses also yielded results that indicate that there were occurrences of paraphrastic reformulations in their discursive constitution. Such evidence is justified mostly by the need of the speakers to be understood in the interactional game established in the negotiations while bearing implications to the micro and macrotextual management of meaning. Therefore, we understand that such results show how there is a need that the goals of the interactants are achieved in the face of the conflicting situations thus experienced.