Internações por bronquite aguda em crianças menores que 5 anos no sistema único de saúde: uma análise espacial para o estado do Rio Grande do Norte

Abstract

Objective: to analyze the spatial association between mortality from acute bronchitis in children under 5 years of age and socioeconomic indicators for the state of Rio Grande do Norte. Method: This is a population-based ecological study, based on secondary data. Hospital admissions due to acute bronchitis, which occurred in Rio Grande do Norte in children under 5 years of age in the period from 2016 to 2020, were considered as the outcome variable. Multivariate analysis was performed, in which the Skater technique was applied or regionalization method. Results: In the period from 2016 to 2020, 493 hospitalizations for bronchitis and bronchiolitis occurred in children under 5 years old, residents of the state of Rio Grande do Norte, which is equivalent to an average rate of 40.99 hospitalizations per 100,000 inhabitants for RN, which is not evenly distributed in the State. The cluster analyzes showed that there is a proportional relationship between the rates of hospitalizations for bronchitis in children residing in the RN and the supply of doctors and beds, influenced by the level of social inequality in each region, where the worst indicators were concentrated in Upper West region. Conclusion: These findings reveal social disparities and lack of resources, which require replanning of greater health promotion and disease prevention strategies, to strengthen primary care actions through adequate investment in infrastructure and qualification, avoiding hospitalizations and infant mortality. for preventable causes.