Problemas relacionados a medicamentos na antiemese de gestantes hospitalizadas

Abstract

Introduction: High-risk pregnant women are more likely to develop nausea and vomiting in pregnancy requiring therapy with antiemetics that can lead to drug-related problems (DRPs). Objective: To characterize the profile, occurrence and duration of DRPs of the main antiemetics used in hospitalized high-risk pregnant women. Methods: This study was approved by the Institutional Research Ethics Committee with the consent of all participants. Prospective observational cohort study involving 547 high-risk pregnant women, with a mean age of 30.4 ± 6.6 years, hospitalized in a teaching maternity hospital and evaluated between August 2019 and August 2021. Data collection was performed daily through prescription analysis, active research in medical records, pharmaceutical anamnesis and classification of DRPs. For statistical analysis of the data, the program Stata version 13, Pearson's chi-square and Student's t-test (p<0.05) were used. Results: Among the 547 participants, 345 (63.1%) used antiemetics. The most prescribed were ondansetron (88.5%) and metoclopramide (9.0%), both injectable. Both drugs presented DRP of therapeutic ineffectiveness, being higher with metoclopramide (13.5%) compared to ondansetron (4.8%). As for the duration of MRP, ondansetron and metoclopramide required 4.7 and 2.4 days, respectively. Conclusion: The use of antiemetics by hospitalized pregnant women is high, especially ondansetron. DRPs of ineffectiveness and duration were found. Compared to metoclopramide, ondansetron is more effective, although it takes longer to reverse emesis.