Técnicas de caracterização magnética

Abstract

This work presents a theoretical review of the main techniques used for the magnetic characterization of materials, which are essential for the development of devices based on magnetic phenomena, such as sensors, memories, and advanced electronic systems. The techniques addressed include VSM (Vibrating Sample Magnetometer), MFM (Magnetic Force Microscopy), MOKE (Magneto-Optical Kerr Effect), SQUID (Superconducting Quantum Interference Device), FMR (Ferromagnetic Resonance), and AGFM (Alternating Gradient Force Magnetometry), with emphasis on their physical principles, instrumental aspects, advantages, limitations, and applications. Special attention is given to the VSM and FMR techniques, highlighting their practical relevance in the analysis of magnetic thin films. The aim is to provide a comparative and structured overview of these methodologies, supporting students and researchers in selecting the most appropriate approach for their experimental needs and contributing to scientific and technological progress in the fields of magnetism and materials science.