Construção e validação de protocolos gráficos para avaliação do cuidado de enfermagem seguro ao paciente politraumatizado em situação de emergência

Abstract

The polytrauma patient care is an emergency, since it is a type of injury whose mortality rate is high because of the shock and uncontrolled bleeding. This reality requires the effective and efficient implementation of the professional skills and knowledge, as well as the availability of adequate structure of emergency services to provide greater security to the patient during this care. Thus, the question is: what should be the content and appearance of a valid graphic protocol for the evaluation of safe nursing care to the polytrauma patient in an emergency? To answer this question, the objective is to Build and validate a graphic protocol for the evaluation of safe patient care in multiple trauma emergencies. To achieve the goal, it was necessary to: summarize the scientific evidence on the safe care to patients with multiple traumas as the triad proposed by Donabedian (1966); to build a graphic protocol for assessing the structure, process and outcome of care insurance; and to validate the content and appearance of the graphic protocol for assessing the structure, process and outcome of safe patient care in multiple trauma emergency. This is a methodological study, with mixed methods, having two stages: 1) scoping review and focus group and 2) construction, proposition and validation of content and graphic protocol appearance. The sandplay technique and humanescente pedagogy experience (building-writing-speaking) were used to conduct the focus group. The research subjects were nurses who work or worked in the Polytrauma sector of the emergency room in Natal/RN. The treatment and the analysis of the speech were through the R pour Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionneires and socio-economic data were analyzed descriptively by SPSS 22.0. The study was previously submitted to the Ethics Committee in Research of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, approved with Embodied Opinion 1053690 of April 24, 2015, under Presentation Certificate of Appreciation for Ethics 42951415.6.0000.5537. For the validation of content and appearance of the graphic protocol, nurses to be judges were enrolled found by their Lattes curriculum based on previously search criteria. Therefore, the Delphi technique was used divided into two stages, Delphi I (n=15) and Delphi II (n=13), and the evaluation process was through the provision of protocol and items evaluation in electronic google docs. The relevance of the items was judged by the result of the content validity index, in the consensus of Delphi and Cronbach's alpha. After data analysis, the validity of the graphic protocol was obtained in its appearance and content.