Proposta de escola infantil com base na abordagem humanista de ensino e aprendizado

Abstract

The school plays a fundamental role in the development of humans by promoting the access to knowledge and the moral and ethical values to the students. Aiming to amplify this role of the institution in forming conscientious citizens capable of contributing to society, the developed project is based on the humanistic approach of teaching and learning, which is focused on the student, respecting his individuality and allowing him to develop his skills at his own pace. The importance of architecture is highlighted by the humanistic approach by presenting it as a teaching tool, where the child also learns through the exploration and the layout of the space. Following these ideas, the present paper has the main goal of proposing a preliminary project of a kindergarten whose architecture is compatible with the humanistic approach of teaching and learning, as well as specific goals: (1) to understand which architectural aspects of school spaces can positively or negatively influence the teaching and learning process, (2) to study the main characteristics that involve the humanistic approach in order to identify which are the most suitable spatial elements for the development of the method and (3) to design proper spaces for the teaching-learning process of children by predicting layout changes and optimization for air quality in the environment. To guide the architectural proposal, theoretical background study was carried out on the subject along with design precedents and studies of legal and terrain conditions. The project stages that gave rise to the ground-floor Kindergarten with an area of ​​1.751,52m² are also discussed, associating the humanistic approach with the architectural design through the planning of spaces that considers well-being, connection with nature and conditions for the full development and learning process of children.