Sífilis gestacional: análise de séries temporais e completude de dados de notificação

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the temporal trends, case projections, and completeness of gestational syphilis reporting. Methods: Both articles used secondary data from SINAN. The first article analyzed time series from 2019 to 2022 and projections with data from the state of Rio Grande do Norte until 2025, including all reported cases of gestational syphilis. Analyses were performed using Pearson's chi-square test (χ²) to verify the existence of an association between the categorical variables of the study, with a significance level of 5% (p < 0.05). The assessment of the completeness of gestational syphilis cases was performed using a longitudinal design between 2008 and 2024 in Brazil. Each completeness rate was classified according to data quality as excellent (<5%), good (5-10%), fair (10-20%), poor (20-50%), and very poor (≥50%). Completeness analysis was based on reports from 2008 to 2024 in Brazil, assessing the percentage of missed reports and classifying completeness as excellent, good, or poor. Results: The time trend study revealed a high percentage of late diagnoses, especially in the third trimester of pregnancy, indicating possible failures in prenatal care. The analysis points to a significant association between gestational syphilis cases and the clinical classification of the syphilis stage, the therapeutic regimen, and the lack of adequate treatment for pregnant women's partners. Regarding completeness, the variables education level and clinical classification showed a consistent pattern of high incompleteness throughout the series, classifying them as poor. Despite this, race and clinical classification showed a significant downward trend in incompleteness, indicating progressive improvement in the completeness of this information. The non-treponemal test, however, showed worsening trends, with a significant increase in incompleteness. Conclusion: The findings of this study emphasize the need for a multidisciplinary and intersectoral approach to addressing gestational syphilis in Rio Grande do Norte. Furthermore, the country lacks better reporting to effectively manage actions aimed at preventing gestational syphilis.