Avaliação clínica longitudinal do efeito da implantoplastia em pacientes com peri-implantite: um acompanhamento de 24 meses

Abstract

Among the approaches proposed for the treatment of peri-implantitis, implantoplasty stands out, which is a mechanical modification of the implant surface. The study aimed to evaluate different clinical parameters by comparing the effect of implantoplasty with mechanical debridement in patients with peri-implantitis at 3, 6, 12 and 24 months. Study participants were randomly distributed into two groups with 13 participants and 30 implants: surgical access + mechanical debridement (Control Group I) and surgical access + mechanical debridement + implantoplasty (Test Group II). The clinical parameters examined were: Visible Plaque Index (IPV), Gingival Bleeding Index (ISG), Probing Depth (PS), Bleeding on Probing (SS) and Keratinized Mucosal Range (MC). The results showed that 63.6% were women and 36.4% were men. Thus, Test Group II obtained 15 implants and Control Group I, 15 implants. The intergroup analysis presented IPV and ISG variables. During follow-up time T1, the values were higher in Test Group II (IPV=87.5% and ISG=12.5%) than those distributed in Control Group I (IPV=37.5% and ISG=0%), however, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups (p1=0.174; p1=0.193). There were also no significant differences between the groups for these variables at any other follow-up time (p>0.05), as well as for the other parallel partnerships (PS, MC, SS). The intragroup analysis showed that, in Test Group II, only for the variables IPV, MC and PS, there was a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) at different times of the study, while, in Control Group I, only for the variables IPV and MC there was no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) at different times of the study. Based on these results, it is concluded that Test Group I had IPV values (p2= 0.013); MC (p2= 0.048) and PS (p2=0.001) in which there was a statistically significant difference (p<0.05), however for ISG (p2= 0.099) and SS (p2= 0.074), no significant difference was demonstrated, as well as for PS at T4 with a value of 2.83, becoming clinically irrelevant in relation to PS at T4 in Control Group I (1.64). Conclusion: the addition of implantoplasty does not improve clinical parameters in the surgical treatment of peri-implantitis up to 24 months of follow-up, in relation to surgical access and mechanical debridement.