A importância do sexo biológico do segurado na precificação de Seguro Auto: Uma análise a nível regional na formação do preço das apólices

Abstract

This monograph empirically sought to develop a tariff table intrinsic to the Auto Insurance market in the South and Southeast regions of Brazil for the second half of 2020 due to these regions concentrating the largest number of individual and legal entity contracts in the national market. And, through it, be able to estimate the relative pure premiums exclusive to Hull Insurance contracts of the Comprehensive Coverage type for individuals. This is based on data from the SUSEP Automobile Statistics System (AUTOSEG) regarding the occurrence of accidents, compensation, as well as the characteristics of vehicles and drivers. The tariff table was constructed using a statistical model that estimates the insured's relationship with the risk classification factors (tariff category, region, model year, age and sex) associated with him. Therefore, in order to obtain the pricing of the relative pure premium, the statistical method of this research is based on Generalized Linear Models (GLM) that establish the relationship between the pure premium and the risk classification factors. This statistical method is very useful for the tariff analysis of Auto Insurance (non-life insurance), since in this type of insurance the frequency and cost of observed claims follow an asymmetric probability density function to the right. In other words, there is a high concentration of policyholders who do not make claims during the policy period, that is, it is much more common for the portfolio to not present claims. Once an accident occurs, it is much more common for portfolio claims to generate low-cost compensation. Therefore, due to the characteristics related to the formation of the price in an Auto Insurance policy, the results found in this monograph demonstrated that the biological sex of the insured is a determining risk factor in the pricing of the policy in all age groups. This is because, when observing the relationship between the pure premium and the risk classification factors relating to the automobile and the insured person, it was found that the risk factor relating to the sex of the clients solidly supports the definition of the risk profile, because when If the insured's biological sex is female, they present a lower risk to insurers. And consequently, the price of your policy will be more affordable in relation to male biological sex. This fact is the reason why the female public should be considered lower risk by companies. Therefore, this distinction in policy pricing becomes relevant in this segment of the insurance market.