O Übermensch de Nietzsche e o pós-humano do transhumanismo

Abstract

The philosopher Nietzsche, for having realized human decadence, has recommended the overcoming of man, promulgating, through the mouth of Zarathustra, the superman [Übermensch]. This idea of overcoming man is not an exclusive claim of Nietzsche's philosophy, transhumanism, for example, envisages the possibility of the human species transcending itself through technological enhacement, seeking at the post-human, which was associated to the Übermensch by Sorgner. However, what Nietzsche imagined was not an overcoming of man in a technological point of view, but a moral one. We will, hence, draw a line of reasoning so that we can understand why the philosopher has recommended, or even stated, that man ought be overcome, so that through this comprehesion there is a notion of what the Übermensch would mean. Then, we will draw another line so that we can understand the reason why transhumanism envisions the possibility of overcoming man, so that we can understand what would be the posthuman. With nothing more to be said, we will argue the Nietzschean idea of overcoming man and that of transhumanism, in order to defend the thesis that the Übermensch and the posthuman are antithetical ideas.