Desafios para a integralidade do cuidado de enfermagem a pacientes oncológicos: revisão de escopo

Abstract

Introduction: We call cancer the set of diseases resulting from an imbalance in the cell cycle. These changes, which happen in a disorderly manner, can occur to the point of invading other tissues, which is the process called metastasis. Dealing with cancer patients demands assistance beyond therapeutic actions, given the change in their biopsychosocial status. It is the commitment of nursing to provide care integrally. Objective: To identify and map the existing challenges for comprehensive nursing care for cancer patients. Methodology: this is a scoping review based on the recommendations of The Joanna Briggs Institute, following the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and MetaAnalyses – Scoping Review extension (PRISMA-ScR). Results and Discussion: 16 articles relevant to the present study were identified and, after critical analysis, allowed for the construction of four thematic categories: Work overload related to lack of human resources; Deficit related to structural and material resources; Specific educational needs in oncology and weaknesses in inter-team and professional-patient communication, three of which were discussed. Conclusion: the study made it possible to identify the existing challenges to providing comprehensive nursing care to cancer patients, hoping that there is a reflection on the part of management, academia, and professionals in order to promote an improvement in the care provided to these patients.