Desigualdades socioespaciais na distribuição da mortalidade por câncer no Brasil

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the spatial cancer mortality distribution and correlation with socioeconomic factors in Brazilian municipalities in the period 2010 to 2012. Methodology: Global Moran and Local tests for analysis of spatial autocorrelation and the clusters significance were applied. LISA bivariate analysis was performed to evaluate the spatial correlation between mortality rates from cancer and the independent variables. The number of deaths was obtained from the SIM and the population data from the IBGE. Results: there was spatial autocorrelation for cancer mortality in Brazil (I= 0.5132; p=0.01), as well as for the HDI (I= 0.806 p <0.01), Gini (I= 0.303 p <0.01) and the urbanization (I= 0.421 p <0.01). The HDI was spatially correlated (R= 0.515, p <0.05) with cancer mortality, forming clusters in the southern AND southeast states; Gini presented a standard random distribution with weak inverse correlation with mortality (R= -0.207 p <0.05). Urbanization was weakly correlated spatially with cancer, although with significant formation of clusters in the country's southeastern counties. Conclusion: The spatial distribution of cancer mortality rates in Brazilian cities show a wide inequality, more often correlated with the more developed and urbanized areas of the country