Aspectos relevantes para identificação de delirium em pacientes críticos: revisão integrativa

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: to list relevant aspects for identifying delirium in critically ill patients. METHODOLOGY: this is an integrative review, carried out in October and November 2023, in the data sources Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciElo) and Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACs). For the searches, the descriptors were crossed with the Boolean operator AND: delirium; intensive care and nursing units. The inclusion criteria adopted were: full text articles, published between 2016 and 2023, in English and Portuguese. Articles that did not contribute to elucidating the guiding research question were excluded. RESULTS: 16 articles were included in the final sample, which were developed with different methodological approaches and published more frequently in 2022 (25.0%) and 2019 (25.0%). As for the most frequent periodicals, they were the USP School of Nursing magazine, the Revista Gaúcha de Enfermagem, the Brasileira de Enfermagem magazine and the Quero é Fundamental magazine, with a percentage of 12.6% articles each. The analysis of the studies revealed that the relevant aspects for identifying delirium in critically ill patients were: carrying out the assessment of delirium using validated scales, developing continuing education of the nursing team regarding delirium, encouraging a patient-centered multidisciplinary approach and in the continuous assessment of nutritional status and risk factors for delirium in critically ill patients. CONCLUSION: the studies highlighted the importance of a multidisciplinary approach, continued education of the healthcare team and the implementation of evidence-based practices to improve the early detection of delirium