Síntese verde de nanopartícula de prata com extrato de eucalyptus globulus para o desenvolvimento de têxteis antimicrobianos funcionalizados

Abstract

The demand for technical textiles has grown so much in the market that it has encouraged the growth of research in the academic environment, enabling their development. These textiles undergo treatments and functionalizations through nanotechnology, using nanometric-scale mechanisms that provide high efficiency against microorganisms without interfering with the main qualities of textile materials, which stand out for being light, resistant, and durable, as they are capable of receiving various functionalizations. The significant advance in nanoparticle research has contributed to the development of several areas, such as biomedicine, mechanics, textiles, agriculture, among others. Silver (Ag) nanoparticles are one of the most widely used due to their high efficacy and antimicrobial activity, known and improved over the years, ease of production, and low cost compared to gold nanoparticles. Despite their advantages, there is significant concern about the synthesis and disposal of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in the environment. In order to minimize this environmental impact, the study proposes a green synthesis using eucalyptus extract (Eucalyptus globulus). This method aims to enhance the antibacterial effect of nanoparticle synthesis, making it a more sustainable production with greater potential against microorganisms. In addition to acting as a bioreducing agent in the synthesis, Eucalyptus globulus also has antimicrobial characteristics, which add to the antibacterial potential. This advance not only promotes a more sustainable alternative for the production of antimicrobial textiles, but also paves the way for new applications and improvements in the fight against microorganisms, meeting the growing market demands and contributing to environmental sustainability. The characterizations of the solutions and fabrics produced were performed using the following analyses: antimicrobial test, zeta potential and particle size. Based on the results found, the functionalized fabrics presented a halo indicating excellent antimicrobial potential of the fabrics against the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus BMB MRSA and ATCC, and the zeta potential presented a better load for green syntheses.