Estudo de radiação não ionizante e medições em residências próximas a torres de telecomunicações na área urbana de Natal

Abstract

The high demand for mobile communications technology has been shaping society. Its way of living and communicating has been strongly impacted by the provision of technologies aimed at communication. The possibly impacts generated by Non-Ionizing Radiation (NIR) gained attention on the global stage, leading to the creation of the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP), which standardized on this type of emission. In the city of Natal, the increase in demand for mobile communication over the last 20 years has led to a significant increase in the number of Radio Base Stations (RBS). A portion of these RBSs is located on buildings or towers, spread throughout the urban area of the city. The present study aims to analyze the level of NIR inside residential buildings located at the area of influence of the antennas of selected RBSs. The resolution which regulates the limits of human exposure to NIR from telecommunication devices in Brazil, created by the National Telecommunications Agency (ANATEL), is used in this work to provide a comparative threshold with the values obtained from the measurements. Results showed measured levels some orders of magnitude below the thresholds established in resolution and also the relevance of defining a methodology like the one proposed. Comparison between the measurement situation in view, within the half-power aperture of the radiation diagram, and the situation at the edge of the aperture, in obstruction, showed results as expected, but now quantified. Another relevant comparison presented involves measurements at street level, in front of the buildings selected for internal measurements. In this case, the magnitude of the difference in values ​​is significant, with much higher electric field values ​​on the chosen floors than on the ground, as expected.