Infecção congênita ou perinatal por CMV: identificação de gestantes com infecção primária e diagnóstico laboratorial em recém-nascidos

Abstract

Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is one of the main causes of hearing loss and neurological impairments in newborns. Active CMV infection can occur by primary infection, reinfection, or viral reactivation. This review aimed to approach how the diagnosis of primary CMV infection in pregnant women and congenital or perinatal infection in newborns is currently performed. Searches for articles were carried out on PUBMED and LILACS platforms according to PRISMA 2020 protocol. Currently, serology is the most applied method in the diagnosis of mothers to differentiate cases of primary and secondary infection. For diagnosis of congenital or perinatal infection, molecular tests are most used. Strategies for the diagnosis of CMV infection to be more accessible are necessary, for an adequate therapeutic approach and reduction of effects that infection can cause in children.