Correção de NMO aplicada a dados sísmicos: uma abordagem dinâmica para modelos 2D

Abstract

Normal Moveout (NMO) correction is a fundamental step in seismic reflection data processing, aimed at aligning reflected events recorded at different offsets before stacking. This study focuses on analyzing the application of NMO correction to synthetic data generated from 2D models with varying geological complexities, including horizontal layers, dipping reflectors, and multilayered scenarios. Theoretical concepts of seismic wave propagation and travel time equations were initially discussed. Subsequently, an NMO correction algorithm was implemented, employing linear interpolation to redistribute amplitudes along the corrected time axis. Four distinct models were simulated: a single horizontal layer, a single dipping layer, two horizontal layers, and two dipping layers. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of NMO correction in realigning reflection events, especially in simpler scenarios. However, in more complex geometries, such as dipping and multilayered models, the limitations of conventional NMO became evident, indicating the need for complementary methods like Dip Moveout (DMO) correction or prestack migration. This research highlights the importance of NMO in seismic data processing and provides a foundation for future studies involving real seismic datasets.