Proposta de uma sequência didática sobre propriedades dos elementos químicos

Abstract

The difficulties in the learning of Natural Sciences by many students is a common and justifiable fact, in view of the diverse approached theories, concepts and nomenclatures in the study of many areas of these sciences, that are not part of their daily life. In chemistry field, for example, it is necessary to search for didactic resources that contribute to energize the teaching, making possible a better learning of the approached subjects. This work was accomplished in this context, having as objective to elaborate, apply and evaluate an oriented didactic sequence application to the contents about the elements and chemical proprieties related to the periodic table. The didactic strategies to the elaboration of that sequence were consisted by diversified activities (games, videos, playing, and practical classes), planned to explore theoretical and practical aspects. The work was developed with 35 students of the high school 1st grade “A”, of the morning shift, from the Escola Estadual Professora Calpúrnia Caldas de Amorim, Caicó-RN. The application of the didactic sequences were organized in six blocks with two conjugated classes, consisting in twelve classes. Each block was divided by three parts, composed by various activities, articulated to conventional expositive classes. As for the data collecting on the experience, we used an initial questionnaire with open questions, besides the produced records by the students throughout the stages of the didactic sequence, which included the use of a video on YouTube, a questions and answers game on a phone app and the “Periodic Cards” game. The processing of those information, it was searched for contributions clues on the propose that could awake curiosity and engagement of the students in the approached learning contents in the didactic sequence. In the end of the process, the students answered another questionnaire to evaluate the stages and to manifest their perceptions about the applied methodological development. From the obtained results, it is concluded that the developed didactic sequence in this work has the pedagogical potential to upgrade the learning of the students about the conceptualisation of what the chemical elements are, their proprieties and distribution in the peridic table.