As consequências do edentulismo e do uso de prótese na autoestima de pacientes adultos entre 30 e 50 anos

Abstract

Introduction: Tooth loss, still present at significant levels in Brazil and around the world, does not naturally result from aging but from issues such as cavities and periodontal diseases. This condition compromises chewing, nutrition, and aesthetics, as well as causing functional, psychological, and social impacts. Factors such as socioeconomic status, access to healthcare, and education influence its prevalence. Despite advancements in oral rehabilitation, such as dentures and implants, edentulism remains a collective problem. This study investigates the consequences of this condition on the self-esteem of adults between 30 and 50 years old, considering the importance of aesthetics and social integration in this age group. Objective: The aim of this study is to analyze the consequences of tooth loss on the self-esteem of adults aged 30 to 50 years. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional and exploratory study conducted with patients from the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, with a sample of 120 individuals who underwent an interview and physical examination to assess the impacts of edentulism and their self-perception. The data were analyzed descriptively and using the Chi- square test. Results: Regarding the sample, 75.8% were female, and 54.2% had an income of up to one minimum wage. The majority of respondents (61.7%) did not use dental prostheses and were waiting for this service. Self-esteem was affected in some way after losing one or more teeth for 68.3% of the patients, even among those who used prostheses. Additionally, most respondents who did not use prostheses (54.2%) reported that tooth loss impacted their eating habits. A statistically significant association was observed between the lack of prosthesis use and a greater impact on eating, self-esteem, and embarrassment when smiling.Conclusion: Despite advances in oral health, edentulism is still a chronic problem that needs to be addressed. Tooth loss has shown direct impacts on eating habits, social life, and the self-esteem of the participants.