Impacto da oferta de serviços de saúde na mortalidade por causas evitáveis de crianças menores de 5 anos no Brasil

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the effect of primary care coverage, compliance with the schedule and the supply of beds and pediatricians on the mortality rate from preventable causes in children under 5 years of age in Brazil. Methods: This is an ecological study, with a linear regression model for panel data (panel data analysis) whose aggregation unit was the 27 units of the federation of Brazil for the period of time between 2007 and 2019. study was the mortality rate from preventable causes in children under 5 years of age. As independent variables, data on Primary Care Coverage, supply of beds and pediatricians, and adherence to childhood vaccination were added. Results: It can be seen that, for a given federation unit, the increase in primary care coverage by 1% reduces the rate of deaths from preventable causes in children under 5 years of age by 6.43 deaths per 1000 LB and the increase of the number of pediatricians by 1% reduces this number of deaths by 0.021 deaths per 1000 LB. Conclusion: There was an increase in primary care coverage and in the rate of physicians per 100,000 inhabitants, which demonstrably reduced the rate of deaths from preventable causes from 0 to 4 years old in Brazil.