A Análise do Comportamento Aplicada como abordagem de ensino para a pessoa com Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo

Abstract

Society found itself alien to the individual with Autism Spectrum Disorder for decades, until public policies, decrees and laws were instituted to support this public. Such individuals present, in their development, stereotyped movements and impairments in communication, social interaction and in some cases intellectual disability, so that the intensity of these deficits changes according to the degree of involvement. The person with ASD needs a different methodology for learning, since traditional teaching methods are not able to reach the areas affected by the disorder. Therefore, ABA is presented as a teaching approach addressed to this audience. The theoretical framework was based on the concepts of APA (2014), Brazil (2019), Brazil (2020), Gaiato (2018), Lear (2004) and Klin (2019), among other theorists. The work is based on the principles of a bibliographic review that takes place through research in documents and printed and electronic works, aiming at surveying the conceptions of other authors about the theme, allowing a familiarization with the theme in a way that allows the interpretation. Given this, we sought to analyze the contributions that ABA has provided for the learning and independence of the person with ASD. Thus, the objectives of this monographic work are: To analyze the specific laws that guarantee the rights of the person with Autism Spectrum Disorder; Investigate the expansion of ABA and its relevance to therapies for people with ASD; To present the theoretical and methodological procedures used in the Analysis of Applied Behavior towards the person with the disorder; and Discuss other methodologies aimed at people with ASD in order to compare with ABA. The teaching procedures used by the Applied Behavior Analysis were discussed and why this methodology was directed to the person with the disorder, in addition to exposing other methodologies directed to the individual with ASD and the relevance of these regarding the availability of a scientific basis reliable, which appropriates the methodology with credibility. And it is through this evidence, as well as the procedures that take into account the areas that need support, the differentiation in methodology and the intensity in the application for learning to occur, that the Applied Behavior Analysis is based on supporting the people with Autism Spectrum Disorder.