Ditadura militar: o ensino de História frente às disputas de narrativas e memórias

Abstract

This work addresses the memorialistic and narrative disputes surrounding the Military Dictatorship. Because it is recent history, it is susceptible to negationism, relativism and revisionism, causing an intense public debate about it. This debate gained ground with the growth of a "new right", essentially from the protests of June 2013 and by reason of the work carried out by the Truth Commissions throughout the country. The speeches that deny or relativize the dictatorship gained in social media the vehicle to reach a greater number of people, echoing in the school space. To develop the students' criticism before the sources, we proposed a work in history teaching, inserted in the field of the history of the present time. To analyze them, we have used the resource of memory, based in the concept of collective memory and in the theory of Discourse Analysis. The theme was addressed in the field of Local History, but in dialogue with a more "universal" history of the country. I analyzed oral reports, together with official documents and bibliographic research for the product conception: a notebook of activities, which dialogues with audiovisual material available in the virtual space, as well as a page on Google Sites. The narratives and memories of the persecuted were accessed by the website of the Center for Human Rights and Popular Memory of Rio Grande do Norte (CDHMP-RN), the channels of Youtube TV Dhnet and Roberto Monte and through the reports of the National Truth Commission (CNV) and the UFRN Truth Commission (CV-UFRN). Those of the military and those who relativize or deny the dictatorship were analyzed through the Army’s oral history project, March 31 - the revolutionary movement and its history and in videos published by right-wing channels on the Youtube platform.