Efeito do treinamento concorrente no controle autonômico cardíaco, desempenho cardiorrespiratório, força muscular e na composição corporal de pessoas vivendo com HIV/AIDS

Abstract

The control of HIV infection by HAART, brought a many of adverse effects to people living with HIV/Aids (PLHA), as a lipodystrophy and wasting syndromes. The physical training has been indicated as means to delay or soften then, the studies with physical training to PLHA have been showed positive effects on cardiac autonomic control, body composition, muscular strength and cardiorespiratory fitness. Seven PLHA, male and under HAART use, Underwent a concurrent training protocol during 18 weeks. The resistance training has an ondulatory periodization, and the aerobic training was conducted in low intensity and linear model. The cardiac autonomic control was evaluated by heart rate variability, through frequency domains (LF, HF and LF/HF ratio). Was applied the six minute walking test evaluate the cardiorespiratory fitness and neuromuscular performance. For the muscular strength evaluation was used the absolute tonnage method, calculated for each microcycle and mesocycle. The anthropometric variables were analyzed for each body segment, being get the total fat mass, trunk and the upper and lower limbs, further body mass and BMI. The statistical analyze was conducted by effect size formula (Cohen’s d), except the absolute tonnage, that was analyzed by ANOVA one-way test, with scheffe post hoc. Were found high effect sizes (d<0,80) to analyze the heart rate variability to the LF and HF variables, but not to LF/HF ratio, after 18 weeks. Also were found moderate (d>0,50) and lower (d>0,20) effect size to body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness. Further the significant difference in muscular strength since fourth mesocycle. The concurrent training induced positive effects on cardiac autonomic control, body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness and the muscular strength, so, the training prescription with load variations, as applied in this study, have be indicated as non-medicine intervention to PLHA.