A gestão, a política e o planejamento: análise dos Planos Diretores de Natal/RN e de seus gestores no período entre 1988 e 2012

Abstract

In order to conceive and implement an urban planning instrument such as the Master Plan, it is necessary to understand the technical capacity and social participation, besides how the public machinery works and also interpret "The Management", which is basically based on the profiles, articulations and trades of public managers that considerably impact on the urban planning in cities. Therefore, aiming to understand these actions and effects in a territory such as Natal/RN, in this paper, the politics and the management, influencing factors in the Master Plans of 1994 and 2007, were taken as fundamental instruments for the planning and the urban management of Natal. Thus, it was decided to make this choice to contribute to the diffusion of the recent history of the city's management and territorial planning and, more importantly, to understand the relations with municipal politics, territorial planning and the various meaningful transformations that occurred within this period, as well as contribute to the analyzes related to the current revisions of the Master Plan of Natal. Methodologically, documentary and bibliographical research were made, distinguished by themes, images and specific moments in the history of (urban) planning and management of Natal; in addition to an explanatory research with historical procedures to identify operative and inoperative factors of the planning from a retrospective; and from the field research, which was followed by interviews with open questions for a former Mayor, secretaries, technicians and others that stood out in the processes of the Master Plans of 1994 and 2007. Finally, it was noticed that, in Natal, the Master Plans changed over the years, altered by the profiles of four different managers. They influenced the urban planning of the city, through their different styles of management and political nature.