Fatores que contribuem para a falta de adesão à terapia antirretroviral da pessoa vivendo com HIV: um estudo transversal

Abstract

This study aims to identify the factors that contribute to the lack of adherence to antiretroviral therapy among people living with HIV at a Specialized Care Service. It is a cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, conducted at a Specialized Care Service between April 10 and 22, 2025, involving 30 people living with HIV. Data were collected through a questionnaire developed based on factors identified in a previous integrative review. This research was approved by the Research Ethics Committee under CAAE: 83311924.5.0000.5537. Nine main factors that may influence and reduce adherence were identified: need for lifestyle changes (53.3%), personal exposure/stigma (13.3%), psychiatric disorders (10.0%), domestic responsibilities for women (6.7%), side/adverse effects (3.3%), poor structure of the unit/team (3.3%), history of imprisonment (3.3%), waiting for viral marker counts to worsen (3.3%), and alcohol consumption (3.3%). It is concluded that, despite antiretroviral therapy being freely provided by the Unified Health System, some patients do not adhere to treatment due to nine predominant factors that may contribute to non-adherence.