Estratégia para o cuidar interprofissional da hipertensão arterial na atenção primária à saúde

Abstract

Primary Health Care (PHC) is the first contact with the health system, highlighting three essential functions: resolution, communication and accountability. Despite its strengthening, hospitalizations for diseases that could be controlled under its action, continue to occur, such as hypertension. Hence the construction of a protocol for interprofessional care for hypertensive patients in PHC is justified. The objective was to build a strategy that guides the management of comprehensive care to the user with arterial hypertension assisted in PHC. For the ecological and cross-sectional study, we used analytical statistics with linear and multivariate regression. For the validation, the Delphi method was developed in four phases: 1. Preliminary reading of the theoretical references 2. Construction of the instrument and presentation to the judge's bench 3. Validation by Experts 4. Reproducibility. The validation was analyzed using a Likert scale, by the Index of concordance (CI) among experts, Content Validity Index (IVC), Pearson's Correlation; The reproducibility analysis was performed by Kappa (Ϗ) and Intraclass Correlation (ICC) coefficients. The research involved 20 specialists (nine physicians and 11 nurses) and 160 hypertensive users allocated for convenience. The collection occurred from July / 2015 to August / 2016. The study followed the recommendations of Resolution 466/2012 that deals with research with human beings, approved by the Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, under No. 1.144.406. Protocols are tools used to verify adherence to treatment, its use in the management of chronic diseases, its impact on the control of hypertension, and user satisfaction with the service. Hypertension hospitalizations are associated with the percentage of conditions that are sensitive to the actions of Primary Care, income and human development index. The protocol was very important - Likert scale> 4 -, CI among experts was 98.1%, CVI> 0.90, Pearson's correlation was moderate to strong (p <0.001). Kappa of> 75 and CCI> 0.80; The determinant factors for the control of the pressure were hyposodic diet and treatment interruption; For treatment interruption were metabolic risk, stress and pressure control. Despite the high coverage and resolution of PHC, hospitalizations for hypertension continue to occur, especially in the population with social vulnerability. The instrument showed robust evidence of validity and reliability as well as reproducibility. This makes it suitable for use in APS. In addition to constituting a guide for consultation and follow-up of the hypertensive user, it allows a greater dialogue between the professional and the patient. It is also a space for records to happen more effectively, ensuring a more personalized service, focused on the individual needs of each one. Knowledge of the determinants of pressure control and discontinuation of treatment favors the planning of PHC actions