Prevalência da doença periodontal em gestantes da Unidade Básica de Saúde Aparecida

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: During pregnancy, the sex hormones, estrogen and progesterone, increase significantly in the woman's body and seem to exert significant and potentially harmful effects on the tissue metabolism and, therefore, an aggravating factor to increase the incidence of periodontal disease in this period, as well as to increase the severity of the disease when already installed. In addition, during the gestation period, changes in hormone levels occur, modifying the chances of periodontal disease if it installs or worsens. OBJECTIVE: To study the prevalence and severity of periodontal disease among pregnant women enrolled in the Pré-natal Program of the Aparecida Health Unit. METHODOLOGY: The study is characterized as sectional, descriptive and observational, with the target group of pregnant women enrolled in the Pré-natal Program of the Aparecida Health Unit. Thirty pregnant women were included in various stages of pregnancy. Periodontal Community Index (CPI) was used to analyze the periodontal conditions. The data obtained were tabulated in Excel spreadsheet, from this mean and the respective standard deviations were calculated. In addition, a questionnaire with semistructured questions was applied to the identification of diet, oral hygiene and survey of active white lesions of enamel. RESULTS: it was found that half of the pregnant women adopted a diet rich in carbohydrates, and, in general, presented poor oral hygiene; presence of active enamel white lesion in the majority of pregnant women examined; the periodontal condition evaluated through CPI showed a high prevalence of dental calculus, gingival bleeding and periodontal pockets among the sextants examined. CONCLUSION: In general, the pregnant women presented a precarious oral health condition, with high mean values of the components of the CPI and the presence of active enamel white lesions.