Diretrizes e boas práticas sob a perspectiva da sustentabilidade em empreendimentos eólicos

Abstract

The increase in consumption and the growing economic and environmental pressures have justified a more rigorous planning for the new sources of energy, so that in line with the paradigm of sustainability in its multifaceted perspective. In this context, emerging wind energy, to fulfill the requirements that satisfy the assumptions of sustainable development, with a clean and renewable energy, which can act on the gradual replacement of the global energy matrix, allowing the reduction of greenhouse gas emission and the complementarity in relation to the hydroelectric power system and consequently the economic development. In response to new market demands in terms of electricity, emerged in Brazil, in the last 10 years, several investors interested in implementing wind farms. In light of this fact, follows the question of how the surrounding communities can be positive and/or negatively affected by the installation of developments concerning the power of the winds. That said, the main goal is to propose a set of guidelines and best practices for managers of wind farms from the perspective of sustainability to the communities, in the anterior and initial stages of construction, which range from the assessment of the area and setting the place up the foundation. The research procedure follows three steps: (i) systematic literature review of sustainable development and related topics; (ii) Case Study in communities of “B”, “C” and “D”, belonging to the municipality of “A”; (iii) Development of the proposed best practice and guidelines, through the technical Brainstorming, CRT (Current Reality Tree) and CSV (Creating Shared Value). After analyzing the information collected, proposed a set of 22 best practices, intended to help reduce the root-causes of local underdevelopment and, consequently, contribute to the sustainable development of cities.